Fuentes antropogénicas y naturales de contaminación atmosférica: estado del arte de su impacto en la calidad fisicoquímica en el agua de lluvia y de niebla.
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En este artículo se describe el estado del arte en relación con la influencia de las fuentes naturales y antropogénicas de los contaminantes atmosféricos en las características fisicoquímicas del agua de niebla y de lluvia en zonas boscosas. Se recopilaron resultados de investigaciones que se considera facilitarán a la comunidad científica la generación de proyectos en zonas boscosas montañosas. Se determinó que la mayor parte de estudios se han enfocado en el impacto de las emisiones gaseosas de fuentes antropogénicas de zonas urbanas en las características del agua de lluvia. Existen también otras investigaciones sobre la afectación del agua de niebla y de lluvia de zonas boscosas; estas igualmente indican que existe una importante relación de la calidad del agua de niebla y de lluvia de los bosques con las emisiones gaseosas antropogénicas, principalmente. En el caso particular de Costa Rica se han realizado dos pesquisas preliminares respecto al tema. La revisión del estado del arte sugiere un mayor control y seguimiento de los parámetros fisicoquímicos del agua (lluvia y niebla), con mayores tiempos de muestreo y análisis, y la identificación de las fuentes naturales y humanas de los contaminantes en las cercanías de las áreas de estudio.
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