Nanomateriales en aplicaciones agrícolas. Recientes avances en la agroindustria bananera
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La aplicación de la nanotecnología en la agricultura se ha visto reflejada en un considerable número de contribuciones científicas que demuestran un potencial interés en el desarrollo de nuevos productos que incluye desde cuidados del suelo, frutos y cultivos, hasta la mejora en las formulaciones de fertilizantes, pesticidas, estimuladores y reguladores de crecimiento de las plantas. Producto de una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva, se describen conceptos, propiedades y ventajas de sistemas nanoestructurados aplicados en sistemas de producción agrícolas en diferentes países de América, Asia y África. Se exploran los avances en sistemas de liberación de compuestos bioactivos empleando matrices naturales y sintéticas en sistemas vegetales. Además, se discute el efecto de la adición de nanomateriales y los efectos positivos y adversos sobre plantas y en el medio ambiente. Finalmente, se expone el uso de estrategias basadas en aplicaciones de la nanotecnología y los desafíos para el control de enfermedades en el cultivo de banano.
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