Modeling of water erosion and sediment transport: a review

Main Article Content

Ericka Picado-Mora
Karolina Villagra-Mendoza
Margaret Gitau

Abstract

Water erosion and sediment transport are key processes in soil degradation, significantly impacting agricultural sustainability in tropical high-slope regions such as Latin America. This review analyzes the state of the art in the modeling of these processes, with an emphasis on experimental approaches at the laboratory scale and their integration into soil conservation strategies. A mixed methodology was applied using the Scopus database, identifying 64 publications as the integrative level between 2020 and 2025. The most cited models were SWAT, IBER, and SDR-InVEST, recognized for their ability to simulate soil loss and sediment transport across different scales. Remote sensing and runoff plots emerge as key tools for model validation in tropical contexts. The findings highlight the potential of modeling to support sustainable soil management and contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, challenges remain regarding data quality, local validation, and integration with sustainability frameworks. It is concluded that applied research in tropical regions must be strengthened, and the integration of technical and scientific tools into soil conservation planning must be promoted.

Article Details

How to Cite
Picado-Mora, E., Villagra-Mendoza, K., & Gitau, M. (2026). Modeling of water erosion and sediment transport: a review. Tecnología En Marcha Journal, 39(6), Pág. 34–43. https://doi.org/10.18845/tm.v39i6.8571
Section
Artículo científico

References

[1] FAO, Global Soil Partnership 2012-2022-Sustainable soil management in action. Rome: FAO, 2022. doi: 10.4060/cc0921en.

[2] T. Palominos-Rizzo, M. Villatoro-Sánchez, A. Alvarado-Hernández, V. Cortés-Granados, and D. Paguada-Pérez, “Dinámica temporal de erosión del suelo en café (Coffea arabica), Llano Brenes, Costa Rica,” Agronomía Mesoamericana, vol. 33, no. 13, p. 49736, Ago. 2022, doi: 10.15517/am.v33i3.49736.

[3] D. M. Santin and S. E. Caregnato, “Concentración y desigualdad científica en América Latina y el Caribe a principios del siglo XXI: un estudio cienciométrico,” Información, cultura y sociedad, no. 43, pp. 13–30, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.34096/ics.i43.8131.

[4] Y. A. Bocanegra Alza and Y. E. Guzman Ventura, “Determinación de la pérdida de suelo por erosión hídrica en la cuenca del río Chicama, 2021,” Tesis de Lienciatura, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, 2023. [Online]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14414/16439. [Accedido Ene. 30, 2025].

[5] J. A. Quincke Walden et al., “Informe final publicable de proyecto Determinación de tasas de erosión por técnicas nucleares en el experimento agrícola de largo plazo más antiguo de Latinoamérica,” Universidad de la República, 2023. [Online]. Disponible en: https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/3942/1/Informe_final_publicable_FMV_1_2019_1_156244.pdf. [Accedido May 15, 2025].

[6] S. Arriola-Valverde, L. C. Villalobos-Avellan, K. Villagra-Mendoza, and R. Rimolo-Donadio, “Erosion Quantification in Runoff Agriculture Plots by Multitemporal High-Resolution UAS Digital Photogrammetry,” IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens, vol. 13, pp. 6326–6336, 2020, doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2020.3027880.

[7] S. Polovina, B. Radić, R. Ristić, and V. Milčanović, “Application of Remote Sensing for Identifying Soil Erosion Processes on a Regional Scale: An Innovative Approach to Enhance the Erosion Potential Model,” Remote Sens (Basel), vol. 16, no. 13, p. 2390, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.3390/rs16132390.

[8] S. Alexiou, I. Papanikolaou, S. Schneiderwind, V. Kehrle, and K. Reicherter, “Monitoring and Quantifying Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Rates in Centimeter Accuracy Using UAV-Photogrammetry, GNSS, and t-LiDAR in a Post-Fire Setting,” Remote Sens (Basel), vol. 16, no. 5, p. 802, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.3390/rs16050802.

[9] D. Dunkerley, “The case for increased validation of rainfall simulation as a tool for researching runoff, soil erosion, and related processes,” Catena (Amst), vol. 202, p. 105283, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2021.105283.

[10] G. Colín-García et al., “Modelación hidrológica con el modelo SWAT empleando diferentes distribuciones espaciales del tipo suelo en la cuenca del Río Mixteco,” REVISTA TERRA LATINOAMERICANA, vol. 41, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.28940/terra.v41i0.1566.

[11] V. J. Vargas Caba, “Simulación hidrológica de cuencas aplicando el modelo hidrológico SWAT,” Revista Técnica de la Construcción, vol. 1, no. 21, pp. 36–41, 2024, [Online]. Disponible en: https://revistas.usfx.bo/index.php/revistatecnicaconstruccion/article/view/1298. [Accedido Abr. 05, 2025].

[12] H. B. G. D. M. P. Ekanayaka, N. S. Abeysingha, T. Amarasekara, R. L. Ray, and D. K. Samarathunga, “The use of InVEST-SDR model to evaluate soil erosion and sedimentation in the closer catchment of a proposed tropical reservoir in Sri Lanka,” International Journal of Sediment Research, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 253–268, Abr. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.005.

[13] P. Garcia Ramirez, L. C. Alatorre Cejudo, and L. C. Bravo Peña, “Modelos de escorrentía superficial en la última década. Una revisión bibliográfica,” Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 7726–7750, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.37811/cl_rcm.v7i1.5001.

[14] T. Selim, M. Hesham, and M. Elkiki, “Effect of sediment transport on flow characteristics in non-prismatic compound channels,” Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 13, no. 6, p. 101771, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.asej.2022.101771.

[15] D. Gutierrez Pacco, J. Supo Espinoza, and M. Alvarez Tapara, “Estimación de la retención de sedimentos con el modelo INVEST (SDR), en la cuenca Huancané,” Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1611–1624, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.37811/cl_rcm.v7i4.6979.

[16] S. Senanayake, B. Pradhan, A. Huete, and J. Brennan, “Spatial modeling of soil erosion hazards and crop diversity change with rainfall variation in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka,” Science of The Total Environment, vol. 806, p. 150405, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150405.

[17] P. Borrelli et al., “An assessment of the global impact of 21st century land use change on soil erosion,” Nat Commun, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 2013, Dic. 2017, doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02142-7.

[18] D. A. Chacón Gómez, “Análisis de la Intervención en Obras de Conservación de Suelo y Agua y su Relación con la Calidad del Suelo en Dos Fincas Productoras de Café en la Cuenca Alta del Río Jesús María,” Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 2022. [Online]. Disponible en: https://www.ingbiosistemas.ucr.ac.cr/wp-content/uploads/TFG-DiegoChaconGomez.pdf#:~:text=La%20cuenca%20del%20R%C3%ADo%20Jes%C3%BAs%20Mar%C3%ADa%20fue,la%20zona%20con%20planes%20de%20conservaci%C3%B3n%20(1). [Accedido May 15, 2025].

[19] Ministerio de Planificación Nacional y Política Económica and Naciones Unidas Costa Rica, “Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en Costa Rica,” 17 OBJETIVOS para transformar nuestro mundo. [Online]. Disponible en: https://ods.cr/ [Accedido Mar. 02, 2025].