Identification and taxonomic profiling of the bacterial community in coffee wastewater
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Abstract
Coffee wastewater, a by-product generated during the wet processing of coffee beans, contains high levels of organic matter that, when discharged without treatment, contributes to water pollution and environmental degradation. However, this residue harbors bacterial communities with biotechnological potential that remain largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of bacterial communities present in coffee wastewater and assess their potential for applications within a circular economy model. Four coffee wastewater samples were analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3–V4 regions) using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Bioinformatic processing included quality control, generation of ASVs using QIIME2, and taxonomic classification based on the SILVA database. Alpha diversity analysis (Observed, Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices) revealed a rich and variable community dominated by phyla such as Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, and Chloroflexi. These groups include taxa with capabilities for bioremediation, degradation of organic compounds, production of thermostable enzymes, and bioactive metabolites. The results suggest that coffee wastewater, rather than being solely an environmental pollutant, represents a valuable resource for sustainable industrial applications, offering opportunities for innovations that can benefit the coffee sector and contribute to environmental sustainability.
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