Biogas production from pig manure and organic co-substrates: evaluation of the efficiency of three treatments in Retes, Peru
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The inadequate management of agricultural waste in the town of Retes (Huaral), considered a key production center in the Lima region, poses significant environmental challenges. This study evaluated the efficiency of biogas production through the anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure with other local organic substrates to offer a sustainable solution. An experimental design with three treatments was implemented in 120 L batch reactors over a period of 42 days: T1) pig manure and guinea pig manure; T2) pig manure and organic waste; and T3) a ternary mixture of pig manure, guinea pig manure, and organic waste. Biogas production, pH, temperature, and pressure were monitored weekly. The results showed that treatment T3 showed higher efficiency, reaching a cumulative volume of 49.6 L of biogas, exceeding T1 (44.9 L) by 10.5% and T2 (37.7 L) by 31.6%. The success of T3 was attributed to its ability to maintain a stable and optimal pH (7.2-7.5) during the phases of maximum biological activity, favoring methanogenesis. It is concluded that the co-digestion of multiple substrates is the most effective strategy, given that the combination of materials optimizes physicochemical conditions and ensures a more stable and productive process in biogas generation.
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