La economía circular como alternativa hacia un nuevo modelo para la actividad industrial sustentable
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Resumen
El modelo de economía lineal en el cual se compra usa y desecha, ha ocasionado un uso excesivo de los recursos naturales, la contaminación de suelo, aire y agua por una gran cantidad de desperdicios. Por otro lado, la economía circular plantea una forma diferente para utilizar los recursos naturales y mantener la actividad económica. Este documento busca describir y analizar las bases conceptuales de la economía circular. Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos de alto impacto sobre el tema y su papel en la actividad industrial sustentable. Durante las dos últimas décadas, la economía circular y las líneas de pensamiento relacionadas han adquirido mayor interés en la industria, academia, y a nivel gobierno. La economía circular se enfoca en desplazar la presión ambiental del crecimiento económico, lo cual, promueve sistemas de producción basados en la reducción de desechos y en la optimización del aprovechamiento de los recursos, al utilizar productos y servicios en bucles mediante el cierre de ciclos de vida de los productos ayuda a dirigir hacia un desarrollo regenerativo y por tanto, un bienestar social y económico con impacto global. Los países de la Unión Europea y China han implementado la economía circular a nivel micro, meso y macro. La economía circular proporciona una alternativa viable para sustituir el modelo lineal de economía.
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