Efectos diferenciados de la adquisición de conocimiento digital y la digitalización en el desempeño de las empresas peruanas de servicios
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Resumen
La adquisición de conocimientos digitales se reconoce como un factor clave para la digitalización de las empresas y estas capacidades contribuyen a mejorar su desempeño. Los servicios empresariales intensivos en conocimiento desempeñan un
papel complementario en el apoyo a esta estrategia. Comprender cómo se implementan estos procesos en las economías en desarrollo y en empresas de distintos tamaños es especialmente relevante. Este artículo aporta evidencia empírica sobre la relación entre la adquisición de conocimiento digital, la digitalización y el rendimiento empresarial en las empresas de servicios del Perú. Con base en una regresión de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios de 2.834 empresas peruanas de servicios de la Encuesta Nacional de Empresas del 2019, el estudio identifica efectos diferenciados según el tamaño de la empresa. Los hallazgos muestran que la
combinación de capacitación en herramientas digitales y estrategias de digitalización produce efectos significativos en las ventas, especialmente en las microempresas, y en la productividad, principalmente en las empresas grandes. Además, las Pymes enfrentan grandes desafíos para convertir la digitalización en mejoras en ventas y productividad, debido a su menor madurez digital y a su énfasis estratégico limitado. El estudio también destaca las distintas contribuciones de los KIBS, en especial en relación con las microempresas. En el contexto de un país en desarrollo, donde las estrategias digitales aún están surgiendo, estos hallazgos
ayudan a distinguir sus efectos sobre la generación de ingresos por ventas y la productividad e identifican oportunidades tanto para la gestión empresarial como para el diseño de políticas que fomenten estas estrategias.
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