PYMES: Ciclo de Vida y Etapas de su Desarrollo
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Apoyar a las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas(mipymes) es una forma de incrementar la competitividady con ello el desarrollo nacional. Uno de los principalesobstáculos que revierte este apoyo es la carencia de untrato individualizado para cada empresa considerando susparticularidades y grado de desarrollo.
Buscando atenuar lo anterior se diseñó un modelo bajoel cual se puedan clasificar a las empresas, según su estadoevolutivo en diversas variables, y con ello “individualizar”cada organización.
El modelo se construyó en torno a siete variables:
*Rol del emprendedor.
*Enfoque de la gestión.
*Rol de los recursos humanos.
*Estructura.
*Sistemas (operativos y directivos).
*Ventas e indicadores financieros.
*Infraestructura.
Tomando en cuenta las citadas variables y su senderoevolutivo, la empresa podría ubicarse en las siguientesetapas:
1. La empresa surge y pone a prueba su oferta en elmercado.
2. La empresa percibe que su oferta es aceptada y empiezaa crecer.
3. La empresa alcanza un crecimiento importante y debeprofesionalizarse.
4. La empresa se consolida mediante profesionalización ycomo organización.
5. La empresa empieza a mostrar signos de envejecimiento.
Adicionalmente se efectuó un análisis de los temas yenfoques de gestión que debería implementar una empresaacorde a su ubicación en el de ciclo de vida propuesto. Lacomprobación empírica y el estudio de campo se efectuaronen 55 mipymes registradas en la base de datos del Programade Emprendedores del ITCR.
ABSTRACT
The support the micro, small and medium companies(smes) is a way to increase their competitiveness and thusnational development. One of the main obstacles that hinderthis support is the lack of an individualized treatment foreach company that considers its particularities and degree ofdevelopment.
Looking to attenuate the above a model was designedunder which it is possible to classify the companies, accordingto their evolutionary state by diverse variables, and with it“individualize” each organization.
The model was constructed around seven variables:
*Entrepreneur Roll.
*Management Approach.
*Human Resources Roll.
*Structure.Systems (operational and managerial).
*Financial and Sales indicators.
*Infrastructure.
Taking into account these variables and its evolutionaryevolvement, a company could be located in one of thefollowing stages:
1. The company arises and tests its offer in the market.
2. The company perceives that its offer is accepted andbegins to grow.
3. The company reaches an important growth and must beprofessionalized.
4. The company is consolidated through professionalismand as an organization.
5. The company begins to show aging signs.
Additionally, an analysis of the subjects and managementapproaches that a company should have implementedaccording to its location in the proposed life cycle. Theempirical verification and field study took place in 55 smesregistered in the data base of the Entrepreneurial Program ofthe ITCR.
Article Details
The digital version of the journal is registered under the BY-NC-ND 4.0 Creative Commons license. Therefore, this work may be copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
The authors keep the copyright and give the journal the right of the first publication and the possibility of editing, reproducing, distributing, exhibiting and communicating in the country and abroad through printed and electronic means. On the other hand, the author declares to assume the commitment on any litigation or claim related to the rights of intellectual property, exonerating of responsibility to the Business School of the Costa Rica Institute of Technology.