Costa Rica en el Doing Business: Un trámite pendiente (Doing Business in Costa Rica: a pending issue)
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Abstract
Las regulaciones para la apertura de una empresa
constituyen un aspecto fundamental en el “clima para
hacer negocios” de un país, lo cual ha sido incluido en
forma sistemática por el Banco Mundial en su Informe
del Doing Business desde el año 2004, que establece un
ranking de los países. Costa Rica ha ocupado una posición
desfavorable en el ámbito mundial y regional, incluso
inferior a países con menor nivel de desarrollo humano
relativo. El presente artículo ofrece una valoración de
Costa Rica en el tema de apertura de una empresa, a fin
de mostrar los avances o retrocesos del país en la materia
y particularizando las valoraciones desde una perspectiva
comparada con países de igual nivel de desarrollo humano
y la región CAFTA-DR, para describir los Estados que
ratificaron el Tratado de Libre Comercio con los Estados
Unidos. Para contextualizar estas valoraciones, se incluye
un recuento de las políticas públicas en materia de trámites
propuestas en varias administraciones, lo cual devela la
agenda pendiente, así como la importancia de continuar
con los esfuerzos orientados hacia la consolidación de
un entorno o ecosistema de negocios que promueva la
competitividad sostenible del parque empresarial del país,
en particular las MiPymes.
Abstract
Necessary regulations for opening a company
constitute a basic step in a country’s “business climate”
and have been systematically included since 2004 in
country rankings by the World Bank in their Doing
Business Report. The Costa Rican ranking has been
systematically unfavorable in the regional and global
scopes, even lower than countries with an inferior human
development level. This article offers an assessment of
the requirements for establishing a company in Costa
Rica, that show both the progresses and set backs that
have occurred, and compares them to other countries
of the CAFTA-DR Treaty, and with countries with a
similar human development level that have ratified Free
Trade Agreements with the United States of America. A
summary is included listing public governmental policies
proposed during several administrations, which reveal a
still pending agenda and the importance of continuing
efforts towards the solidification of a business friendly
environment promoting the sustainable competitiveness
of SMEs and larger sized companies in the country.
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